1. 在主页创建新的虚拟机2. 选择自定义安装2.1 自定义安装2.2 默认2.3 选择【稍后安装】2.4 选Linux2.5 创建虚拟机名称2.6 设置处理器数量,根据需求设置2.7 设置内存2.8 选择网络2.9 默认2.10 默认2.11 默认2.12 设置存储容量2.13 存储位置2.14 校对参数2.15 点击CD/DVD,选择自定义下载镜像2.16 选择下载好的ISO镜像2.17 开启虚拟机3 安装系统3.1 安装3.2 默认选择3.3 默认选择3.4 选择【Something else】3.5 新建分区3.6 分区Boot3.7 分区Swap3.8 分区根目录3.9 总的分区浏览3.10 安装4 设置4.1 选择地点4.2 设置用户信息2. 关闭网络安装4.3 重启即可完成安装4.4 输入密码登录5 补充6 安装源设置为aliyun1. 备份2.修改3. 更新
1. 在主页创建新的虚拟机
2. 选择自定义安装
2.1 自定义安装
2.2 默认
2.3 选择【稍后安装】
2.4 选Linux
2.5 创建虚拟机名称
2.6 设置处理器数量,根据需求设置
2.7 设置内存
2.8 选择网络
2.9 默认
2.10 默认
2.11 默认
2.12 设置存储容量
- 一般20GB,根据自身机器和需求,我一般设置50GB,这个设置100GB。
2.13 存储位置
- 这里补充一下,可以更具需要修改存储位置,默认实在【文档】中
2.14 校对参数
2.15 点击CD/DVD,选择自定义下载镜像
2.16 选择下载好的ISO镜像
2.17 开启虚拟机
3 安装系统
3.1 安装
3.2 默认选择
- 语言选择推荐选择【English】,避免某些时候终端操作不便,后面会有设置中文的过程。个人建议还是选择英文。
- 直接点解 “Continue”
3.3 默认选择
- 先不要选择【安装Ubuntu时下载更新】,装完了有空再更新也不迟(对网速自信或者个人需要选也ok)。第三方软件这个,随便吧。
3.4 选择【Something else】
- 第一个选择会把那你的window系统文件夹都给革了命;
- 如果硬盘上有其它您想保留的操作系统,请不要选择此项。
- 选择第二个,然后点击“Continue”!!!🔥🔥🔥
3.5 新建分区
- 选择Continue
3.6 分区Boot
- 说在最前面【最好是选择,手输入可能会出现问题,亲身感触😅】
- 先分一个启动分区boot,boot包含了Linux的内核及引导系统程序所需要的文件,要是不分当磁盘文件写满了,磁盘空间不足时或者根分区出现问题了,系统就没法启动。建议:400MB
3.7 分区Swap
- 交换分区【swap】相当于Windows中的【虚拟内存】,在liunx中如果没有swap分区,系统内存用完后,系统会杀死一部分程序。
- 如果内存低的话(1-4G),设置物理内存的1.5~2倍,高点的话(8-16G)要么等于物理内存,要么物理内存+2g左右。
- 这里,应该是对于虚拟机的内存而言,所以设置了4G。
3.8 分区根目录
- 剩下的全给根目录
- 建议这里不要少于10G,毕竟装完系统都差不多占去6~7G。
- 有的人喜欢再分一下home,个人喜好。😉
3.9 总的分区浏览
- 分区总览
3.10 安装
- 选择【Continue】安装
4 设置
4.1 选择地点
- 选择上海
4.2 设置用户信息
- 输入信息,选择【Continue】,等待安装。(这个时间稍微有点长🚀,10-20分钟吧)
- 想快一些的,不需要更新,可以关闭网络。
2. 关闭网络安装
- 把网络关掉会快些,免得它更新,然后就是等待安装完成。
- 这样快多了,2-3分钟就可以了。
4.3 重启即可完成安装
- 等待安装,时间较长,等安装完成后出现如下界面,点击“Restart Now”重启虚拟机即可。
4.4 输入密码登录
5 补充
- 从虚拟机唤出鼠标 【ctrl + alt】
6 安装源设置为aliyun
1. 备份
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
2.修改
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
将source.list文件内容替换成下面的
- 源文件,全部删除。在vim的普通模式下键入“ggdG”即可删除其中全部内容。
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe # deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe # deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse # deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse # deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's ## 'partner' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the ## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users. # deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security universe # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security universe deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse # This system was installed using small removable media # (e.g. netinst, live or single CD). The matching "deb cdrom" # entries were disabled at the end of the installation process. # For information about how to configure apt package sources, # see the sources.list(5) manual. "/etc/apt/sources.list" 57L, 3162C 57,1 Bot
- 替换为
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
找到适合自己的Ubuntu镜像源
- ubuntu 20.04(focal) 配置如下
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse # deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
3. 更新
sudo apt-get update